What are the main commonly used sludge treatment and disposal methods?

      What are the main methods of sludge treatment and disposal in common use?

The commonly used sludge treatment methods are: concentration, digestion, dehydration, drying, incineration, solidification and comprehensive utilization.

In addition, there are more final disposal methods of sanitary landfill.

Among them, sludge concentration, digestion and dehydration are the main treatment methods which are widely used at present.

The common sludge treatment system is divided into four categories: ① concentration → mechanical dewatering → disposal dewatering filter cake;② Concentration → mechanical dehydration → incineration → disposal of ash;③Concentration → digestion → mechanical dehydration → disposal of dewatering filter cake;④Concentration → digestion → mechanical dehydration → incineration → disposal of ash.

The disposal of sludge is different according to the type, nature, production state, source and other conditions of sludge. The various disposal methods are as follows.

(1) for stable, no outflow, no dissolution, no odor, spontaneous combustion and other conditions of the sludge, can be directly disposed on the ground, or for landfill disposal.

(2) Although it will produce foul-smelling organic matter, sludge that will not flow out or be dissolved can be directly disposed of on the ground, layered landfill or mixed with soil in suitable areas.

It can also be converted into stable and harmless substances (such as water, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc.) by combustion, wet oxidation and other methods, and the remaining inorganic substances will be disposed of on the ground or in landfill.

(3) Sludge, which has an impact on the environment but is not large in quantity, needs to be directly buried deep in the ground considering its dissolution, gas and odor generation, easy ignition and other factors.

(4) sludge containing harmful substances needs to be cured and treated before land or sea disposal.

(5) When the disposal of sludge is difficult and can be concentrated in large quantities, in order to save resources and energy, the recycling of useful components of sludge should be considered.

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