Comprehensive utilization and treatment of Chinese medicine residue

     In recent years, the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations have been attached great importance by people, organizations and governments at home and abroad, and many new varieties of traditional Chinese medicine have been developed. At the same time, the number of new drugs, new pharmaceutical factories or companies has increased sharply, resulting in a large number of traditional Chinese medicine residues, which brings urgent problems to manufacturers, society and environment, namely, the problem of drug residue treatment. In order to solve some problems, it is necessary to understand and analyze the sources, pollution hazards and treatment status of Chinese medicine residues, and then explore and seek strategies, methods and measures to deal with this problem.

1. Source and pollution harm of traditional Chinese medicine residues

    Traditional Chinese medicine residue comes from the production of Chinese patent medicine, the processing and processing of traditional Chinese medicine, and the production of light chemical products containing traditional Chinese medicine.

    The residues of traditional Chinese medicine are usually wet materials, which are easily rotten and have a bad taste, which is more serious in summer. Therefore, the drug residue should be transported out of the production area in time, otherwise it will easily lead to the production of drugs and environmental pollution in the plant area. If the residues are not handled properly, they will easily pollute the environment.

2. Comprehensive utilization and treatment of Chinese medicine residues

     Chinese medicine residues are generally transported to the factory area by the production unit, which are stacked, landfilled and incinerated. Because the residues are mostly piled up in the fields, mountainous areas and remote areas, the surrounding environment pollution is caused by the rain, especially the impact on the water quality is more serious.

     Traditional Chinese medicine residues are generally regarded as waste, and their resources are not fully utilized. In fact, there are many components in the residue of traditional Chinese medicine. The residue of Huoxiang Zhengqi water contained 23 crude fiber. 93%, crude fat 1. 36%, crude protein 4. 85%, crude polysaccharide 8. The polysaccharide proteome of Jilin Lycium barbarum pharmaceutical waste residue contains total polysaccharide 18. 16%, galacturonic acid 6. There are more than 17 kinds of amino acids and more than 16 kinds of trace elements; the dregs extracted with 60% ethanol still contain 196 mg of total ginsenoside, more than 17 kinds of amino acids and many kinds of trace elements needed by human beings. These “rich ingredients” are of great value for development and utilization; however, there are few reports on the research of traditional Chinese medicine residues, and there are few successful examples, and most of them are exploratory preliminary studies.

3. Research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine residues

     The research of Chinese medicine residues can be summarized into three aspects: 1) the pollution of Chinese medicine residues; 2) the comprehensive utilization of Chinese medicine residues; 3) the treatment of Chinese medicine residues. The three aspects are interrelated. The research on the pollution of drug residue is helpful to the utilization and treatment of natural medicine residue. In the research on the utilization and treatment of the waste, attention should be paid to the full utilization of the drug residue resources and the prevention of secondary pollution. The research focuses on the comprehensive development and utilization, because the development and utilization of drug residue is good, the treatment problem does not exist, and the pollution problem is also solved.

     3.1 comprehensive utilization considering that traditional Chinese medicine and its preparations are mostly composed of plants and animals, the residues after extraction of effective components generally contain a large amount of crude fiber, crude fat, starch, crude polysaccharide, crude protein, amino acid and trace elements. The development and utilization of drug residues focus on: making feed, especially turning the drug residue into high egg feed, such as using biotechnology to convert the drug residue into bacterial protein feed through microbial fermentation, which can greatly improve the utilization value of drug residue and increase the added value: extracting active components, such as using enzyme technology, separating available polysaccharide from drug residue; fermenting to prepare alcohol, making organic fertilizer Materials, such as drug residues, are treated with microorganisms or mixed with poultry manure, and used as fertilizer for drug source planting, so as to realize ecological circulation and digestion of drug residues.

     In short, the comprehensive development and utilization of traditional Chinese medicine residue is diverse, which should be determined according to its composition and actual situation. At the same time, attention should be paid to the input cost, the production process should be simplified, the technology popularization and application should be convenient, and the secondary pollution should be prevented.

     3.2 in terms of treatment, the nature of Chinese medicine residues should be clarified, and the resources of drug residues should be fully utilized. As for the treatment methods, it should be simple and feasible, and attention should be paid to the environmental impact of Chinese medicine residues, especially the harm of toxic residues.

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